期中复习一

 【重点短语讲解】

    1．look after照料；保管。可用 take care of 替换

    You must look after your things.

    Who looks after your grandparents?

    拓展：look at看……            look for 寻找             look like看上去象

    look out 小心；向外看          look up抬头看；查找（单词）

    look behind向后看              look through浏览

    2．come from=be from 来自……，从……来

    My new friend is from England. 我的新朋友来自英国。

    Where do the Smiths come from? 史密斯一家从哪里来？

    3．more than= over 多于，超过  反义词为less than 少于，不到  about大约，左右

    There are more than twenty girls in our class.  我们班有二十多个女孩。

    My grandmother is over seventy years old. 我奶奶七十多岁。

    4．too much   太多,  一般放在不可数名词前。 

    too many太多，一般放在可数名词复数前。much too 是“太”的意思。

    He eats too much meat.他吃的肉太多。

    There are too many cars in the street. 街上有太多汽车。

    The shirt is much too dear.  这件衬衫太贵。

    5．all the time  一直

    He is reading English all the time. 他一直在读英语。

    My sister is free all the time. 我姐姐一直有空。

    6．meet up (with sb.) 约见某人

    Let’s meet up at the gate. 我们在门口见面。

    Kate often meets up with her friend after work. 凯特经常下班后与朋友见面。

    7．go on a trip 去旅行

    They go on a trip once a year. 他们一年旅行一次。

    Where shall we go on our school trip this spring? 我们到哪里春游？

    8．thank sb. for (doing) sth. 为（做）某事感谢某人

    Thank you for helping me. 谢谢你帮助了我。

    Thanks for inviting us. 谢谢你邀请我们。

    They thank me for helping them with their work

    他们感谢我帮助他们完成工作。

    9．look forward to (doing) sth.  希望（做）某事

    I look forward to seeing you soon.  我希望很快见到你。

    He looks forward to the summer holiday.  他盼望暑假。

    Everyone looks forward to this day.  每个人都盼望着这一天。

    They look forward to meeting him again.  他们盼望着再次见到他。

    10．turn on /off  开/关掉（电灯、电视、煤气、龙头等）

    turn up/ down 开大/调低 

    Don’t forget to turn off the radio. 不要忘记关掉收音机。

    It’s dark, turn on the light. 天黑了，开灯。

    The TV is too noisy, turn it down.  电视机太吵，把它关小。

    open /close开/关（门窗等）

    Open your eyes.  张开眼睛。

    Close your books. 合上书本。

    11．get ready for 为…作准备

    They are getting ready for the meeting. 他们在为会议做准备。

    get ready to do sth 准备做某事

    We get ready to run.我们准备跑。

    get sth ready 把某物准备好

    Get everything ready before class. 上课前把一切准备好。

    12．in many ways 用许多方法；在许多方面

    People celebrate Halloween in many ways.人们用很多方法庆祝万圣节。

    in this way  用这种方法

    You can learn English well in this way. 你能用这种方法学好英语。

    in a different way 用不同的方法

    We work out the problem in a different way. 我们用不同的方法解出这道题。

    way  道路，路   the way to……到……的路

    Can you tell me the way to the museum?  你能告诉我去博物馆的路吗？

    On my way home I met my teacher.  在我回家的路上我碰到了老师。

    13．be good for 对……有好处

    Vegetables and fruit are good for us. 蔬菜和水果对我们有好处。

    Too much sweet food is not good for your teeth.

    吃太多的甜食对你的牙齿不好。

    be bad for……对……有坏处

    Reading in bed is bad for your eyes. 躺在床上看书对眼睛不好。

    be good at 擅长……  be good to  对……好

    14．not……any more/longer = no more/longer不再

    We are not children any longer. =We are no longer children.我们不再是孩子了。

    He doesn’t live there any longer/more. =He no longer lives there.

    他不再住那儿了。

    He is not late for school any more. 他上学不再迟到了。

    not…any more = no more不再，表示某一具体动作不再发生。

    He won’t go there any more. 他不再去那儿了。

    We saw her no more. 我们再也没见过她。

    not …any longer= no longer 不再，表示某一动作不再继续。

    When the child saw his mother, he didn’t cry any longer.

    当那孩子看到妈妈，就不再哭了。

    I can no longer wait. 我不能再等了。

    15．how often 问动作发生的频率，回答一般用often，sometimes，always，once a month等

    How often do you go to see your grandmother? 你每隔多久去看你奶奶一次？

    How often does he write to you? 他多久给你写一封信？

    16．not…at all一点也不

    She doesn’t like vegetables at all. 她一点也不喜欢吃蔬菜。

    I am not excited at all. 我一点也不兴奋。

    Not at all = You are welcome 不用谢

    Thank you very much.  Not at all.

    17．pay for…   为……付钱

    He pays ten yuan for the stickers. 这些贴纸他付了十元。

    How much did you pay for the vegetables? 这些蔬菜你付了多少钱？

    He is paying for his toy. 他在付玩具的钱。

    18．be made of  由…做成 

    The shoes are made of leather. 这些鞋是皮革做的。

    What is the chair made of? 这把椅子是什么做的？

    如果成品中已看不出原材料，则用be made from，如，

    Paper is made from wood. 纸是木头做的。

    19．would like sth./to do sth.想要某物/做某事

    He would like some fruit. 他想要一些水果。

    I’d like to have a rest. 我想要休息一下。

    Would you like to show me your new camera?

    你愿意把你的新照相机给我看看吗？

    ——Would you like to go to the cinema this evening?

    ——I’d like to. 今晚你想去电影院吗？想。

    would like sb. to do sth.想要某人做某事

    I’d like you to meet my parents. 我想要你见见我父母。

    Would you like him to help your daughter with her English?

    你想要他帮你女儿学英语吗？

    20．look out at 眺望

    She often looks out at the birds in class. 她经常在上课时看外面的鸟。

    look out 小心，朝外看

    Look out! A bus is coming. 小心，有辆车过来了。

    Look out for the thieves. 当心贼。

    Look out of the window. 朝窗外看。

    21．a lot =much 大量，很， 修饰动词

    His cousin knows a lot about England. 他表弟对英国很了解。

    Jack talks a lot but does little. 杰克说得多做得少。

    He likes drawing a lot 他很喜欢画画。

    a lot of =lots of 很多，修饰名词

    There is a lot of orange in the bottle. 瓶里有很多橘汁。

    Lots of travellers come to visit Zhouzhuang these years.

    这几年很多游客来周庄参观。

    22．the same as和be different from是一组反义词。

    “the same”也可以不用as 。（用于单数或复数）

    The cup is cracked, what’s that one like? It’s the same.

    这个杯子是破的，那个怎么样？也是一样。

    Those two dresses are the same.  那两件衣服是一样的。

    I know we look alike, but we’re quite different from each other.

    我知道我们俩看上去一样，但我们全然不同。

    Roses are different from violet.  玫瑰与紫罗兰不同。

    The weather in Australia is quite different from that in China.

    澳大利亚的天气与中国的天气大不相同。

    23．call sb./sp.打电话给某人/到某地

    call on sb./at sp.拜访某人/到某地

    I called his home last night. 我昨晚打电话到他家。

    I called at his home. 我去了他家。

    He called me from Wuhan. 他从武汉打电话给我。

    He called on me from Wuhan. 他从武汉来看我。

    call /ring sb.(up)= give sb. a call/ring = make a phone call to sb. 给某人打电话

    call sb. back 给某人回电

    24．at least 至少

    There are at least twenty floors in the building. 这大楼至少有二十层。

    We should brush our teeth at least twice a day. 我们一天至少应该刷两次牙。

    at most 最多

    25．at the same time 同时

    We got to school at the same time this morning. 今天早上我们同时到校。

    Don’t speak at the same time. 不要同时说话。

    26．as usual= as always和往常一样

    He worked hard as usual. 他和往常一样努力工作

    As usual, he forgot to bring his homework to school.

    和往常一样他忘记把作业带到学校里来。

    27．run into（偶尔）碰到

    I ran into an old friend of my father’s yesterday.

    昨天我碰到我父亲的一个老朋友。

    We often run into difficulties in our study. 我们在学习上经常碰到困难。

    28．take care of =look after照顾，保管

    Can you take care of the dog when we are out?  我们外出时你能照顾狗吗？

    Who takes care of your daughter?  谁照顾你女儿？

    Take good care of yourself.  保重。

    Take care not to break the glass.  小心不要打碎玻璃。

    29．take turns 轮流

    We should take turns to get on or get off the bus.

    = We should get on or get off the bus in turns.  我们应该依次上下车。

    You can take turns in playing football. 你们可以轮流踢足球。

    Wait your turn. 等轮到你。

    It’s our turn to be on duty.  轮到我们值日了。

    30．belong to 属于

    The book about animals belongs to our teacher. 这本动物书属于我们老师。

    Does the shirt belong to his brother? 这衬衫是他哥哥的吗？

    31．up to 多达

    Few people can live up to 150 years old. 几乎没人能活到50岁。

    There are up to 2000 students here. 这儿有多达2000个学生。

    Up to now, I haven’t met my uncle. 直到现在我还没见过我叔叔。

    32．be clever/ good/quick/slow/weak at…在……方面做得聪明/好/快/慢/弱

    Are you good at fishing?  你擅长钓鱼吗？

    His cousin is quick at maths.  他表弟数学方面反应很快。

    He is a little weak at English.  他英语上有点弱。

    33．do /try one’s best尽力

    You should do your best to learn English well.  你们应该尽力学好英语。

    You will pass the exam if you do your best.  如果你尽力的话就能通过考试。

    34．hear from …=get/receive a letter from…收到…来信

    How often do you hear from your brother? 你多久收到一次你哥哥的来信？

    He heard from his friend in New York just now. 他刚收到纽约朋友的来信。

    35．be able to 能

    She is able to swim across the river. 她能游过那条河。

    Work hard, and you will be able to win the first prize.努力干，你就能得一等奖。

    can 只有现在和过去两种形式，仅表示“能力”be able to 有现在，过去和将来等形式，表示“经过努力能做”

    36．one …the other …一个… 另一个。只局限在两者。

    There are two footballs in the shop. I don’t like this one. Show me the other.

    商店里只有两个足球，我不喜欢这个，给我看另外一个。

    如果表示三个或三个以上的另一个，要用 one…another…

    There are many footballs in the shop. I don’t like this one, please show me another.

    37．as soon as … “一……就……”

    All of us screamed as soon as we saw hello Kitty.

    一看见凯蒂猫，我们所有的人都尖叫起来。

    I’ll give you a call as soon as I get to Shanghai. 

    38．only if = only …… if    “除非”，表示唯一条件

    I’ll only go home if you come with me.   只有你跟我一起走，我才回家。

    I’ll come only if you promise me that you won’t invite Henry.

    除非你答应不请亨利，我就来。

    39．can’t wait for sth. = can’t wait to do sth.

    He can’t wait for the present.=He can’t wait to open the present. 

    他迫不及待地要打开礼物。

    I can’t wait for the next show. 我迫不及待地等着下次演出的到来。

    40．too… to 太……而不能

    He is too young to look after himself.  他太小而不能照顾他自己。

    上句也可写成： I’m so weak that I can’t walk.

    41．be afraid of sth./ doing sth. 害怕某事/做某事

    I am afraid of dogs.

    She is afraid of going out at night.

    42．think of 考虑，想起，后跟名词、代词或动名词。

    My classmates are thinking of forming a support team to help Ben during the walk.

    I think of my mother.

    She can’t think of the name of the TV play.

    43．worry about  “为…而担心”；worry about doing sth. “为做…担心”

    Don’t worry about your study.

    Lily is worrying about swimming.

    44．stay out 意思是“呆在外面；呆在户外”，常用的固定词组还有“stay up”,意思是“不睡觉，熬夜”。

    Children always like to stay out to play different games. 

    孩子们总是喜欢呆在外面玩各种游戏。

    I felt very tired because I stayed up last night.

    我觉得很累，因为我昨晚熬夜了。

    45．a number of  “许多，大量”，修饰可数名词的复数形式，相当于many，动词用复数。

    A number of students are playing on the playground.

    the number of …的数量， 动词用单数。

    The number of students in our class is 42.

    Now the number of the traffic accidents is increasing.

    46．on Earth =in the world  世界上

    You are the happiest man on earth.

    on earth  还可以表示“究竟，到底”

    Where on earth can he be?

    What on earth do you mean?

    47．not only …but also…  不但…而且，它是个并列连词，可连接两个平行的主语、谓语、宾语、表语等; 连接两个主语时，谓语动词与后面的主语保持一致。

    Not only Jack but also his parents are interested in that film.

    Not only you but also he has missed the bus.

    He likes not only swimming but also singing.

    I am not only your teacher but also your friend.

    48．charge with …   指控、告发

    The police charged him with murder.   警察指控他谋杀。

    be charged with    是被动语态，被指控……

    charge with   还有“指示、委以某人责任”的意思。

    The teacher charged me with calling the names.    老师委派我点名。

    49．so far  到目前为止，常用于现在完成时态中。

    So far we haven’t found the way to solve the problem.

    He has written three letters so far.

    50．lead to   通向，导致……

    All roads lead to Rome.   殊途同归。

    His hard work led to his great success.   他的努力工作造就了他的成功。