【课文分析】
1.cook dinner 做饭
The old woman asked her daughter to cook dinner for her.
The robot could do anything for me: do the housework, go shopping, cook dinner, even help me with my homework.
2.do the laundry 洗衣服,相当于 do the washing。
laundry n. 待洗的衣服,洗衣店
There's not much laundry this week.
本星期的洗熨衣物不多。
I have to make the bed and do the laundry.
Did you do the laundry today?
你今天洗熨过衣物吗?
3.explore dangerous places 探察危险的地方
explore v. 探测,探险
exploring the Amazon jungle 对亚马逊河森林进行勘探
仔细检查,探讨。
We must explore all the possibilities.
我们必须探讨所有的可能性。
4.iron shirts 熨衬衫
iron 铁, 熨斗
He is a man made of iron.
他是钢铁一般的人。
Strike while the iron is hot.
(谚语) 趁热打铁。
Some of the rubbish,such as food,paper and iron,rots away over a long period of time. 有些废物,如剩饭、废纸和废铁,时间一久就掉了。
A: What can robots do?
B: They can cook meals, sweep the floor, iron shirts, wash the dishes and so on.
5.make the bed 整理床铺
A: What are you doing? 你正在干什么?
B: I'm making the bed. 我在整理床铺。
make the bed整理床铺
这一短语作“整理床铺”解,动词make不作“制造”解,定冠词the也不能用物主代词替代,名词bed可视情况用单数或复数。如:
①He helps me (to) make the bed.
他帮我整理床铺。(不能说…make my bed. )
②The students are making the beds.
学生正在整理床铺。(不能说…making their beds.
6.sweep the floor 扫地
A: Have you swept the floor? 你扫地了吗?
B: Yes, I have. 是的,扫了。
7.wash the dishes 洗餐具 注意:dish 常用复数形式
Why does he have to wash the dishes?
为什么他非得洗碗?
8.Children all like to play with robots.
孩子们都喜欢与机器人玩。
play with 和……玩,或玩…… eg:
I'm playing with my new doll.
They are playing with a yo-yo.
I am afraid to play with dogs.
我不敢玩耍狗。
It's dangerous to play with fire.
玩火危险。
【重点难点】
1.Mr. Jiang is the first person in Sunshine Town to own a robot.
to own a robot 是不定式短语做定语,修饰 person。e.g.
But there was no time to think.但没有时间想了。
句中不定式短语to think做定语,修饰前面的名词time。
Have you had enough to eat?
你有足够的东西吃吗?
He couldn't earn enough to keep a family of four.
他不能挣到足够的钱来养活四口之家。
2.The robot changed his life a lot in many ways.
机器人在很多方面极大地改变了他的生活。
in many ways 在很多方面
Fire can help people in many ways.
Computers are being used in many ways.
计算机正在很多方面被应用。
The doctor advised me to keep fit in many ways.
医生建议要在各方面保持身体健康。
3.In order to have more free time, I have to buy a robot.
in order to 为了 ……, 后加动词原形,表示目的。e.g.
In order to get there on time, he started very early.
为了能按时到那儿,他很早便动身了。
In order to catch the other students, I must work hard.
为了赶上其他同学,我必须努力学习。
In order to lose weight, she is careful about her food and drink.
为了减肥,她注意饮食。
辨析in order to / in order that
(1)in order to +动词原形
否定形式:
in order not to do sth.
The assistant told the students to keep quiet in order not to disturb others.
(2)in order that 后接从句,表示目的,从句中常用may, can, could, might, will be able to, would, should 等情态动词。
He spoke slowly in order that everyone could understand him.
4.The robot made Mr. Jiang's life much easier.
机器人使得姜先生的生活变得更加轻松。
make + 宾语+ 形容词做宾语补足语,其中宾语补足语可以用名词、形容词、动词的过去分词或省略to的不定式等,以表示宾语的情况或动作。
He was a little man with thick glasses, but he had a strange way of making his class lively and interesting.
他戴着深度近视眼镜,身材瘦小,但他有一套可以使他的课生动,有趣的奇妙方法。
Your letter made me very happy.
你的来信使我很高兴。
He raised his voice to make himself heard.
他提高声音以使别人听清楚他的话。
5.The robot ironed Mr. Jiang's shirts and made a lunch box for him every day.
iron 动词,熨烫。 iron 也可以做名词,表示“熨斗,铁”
Make a lunch box for him. 为他准备午餐盒。
6.As a result, Mr. Jiang no longer needed to get up early to do the housework and he could stay in bed for an extra hour.
结果,姜先生不再需要早起做家务,他可以在床上多呆一个小时。
(1)as a result意为:因此、结果。例如:
As a result , Chaplin got his first film art in the States.
结果,卓别林就在美国得到他的第一个电影角色。
It was late at night and there was no bus. As a result,we had to walk home.
夜深了,又没有公共汽车,结果我们只好步行回家。
He has broken his leg. As a result,he will have to be away from school for two or three months.
他把腿摔断了,因此他将不得不休学两三个月。
as a result之后还可以加of结构,即:as a result of,意为:由于……的结果。
例如:
He is unable to go to work as a result of the fall from his bike.
由于从自行车上摔下来,他不能去上班了。
As a result of his hard work,he received a big prize.
由于他工作勤奋,所以获得了大奖。
(2)no longer 不再,相当于 not any longer 上句也可写成:
…Mr. Jiang did not need to get up early to do the housework any longer and he … .
an extra hour = one more hour = another hour 表示“在原来的基础上再加一小时”。
辨析no more 与not …any more
二者都表示“不再”,“再没有”的含义
(1)谈数量或程度时,要用no more. eg.
There is no more bread.
没有面包了。(指数量)
He's no more genius than I am.
他和我都不是天才。(指程度)
(2)说时间时,不用no more, 可用not …any more或no longer, not …any longer. eg.
He doesn't live here any more.
他不住在这里了。(指时间)
I can not stand it any longer.
我再也忍不下去了。(指时间)
It no longer exists.
它不再存在。
7.While Mr. Jiang was at work, the robot would clean his flat.
当姜先生在工作的时候,机器人就在打扫他的公寓。
at work的意思是“在工作”。at是介词,表示人和事物的状态。work作“工作”解时,是不可数名词。此外,在短语前,往往带be动词,即be at work.例如:
1)—Where is your father? 你父亲在哪儿?
—He's at work. 在上班
2)Is your mother at work now ? 你母亲现在在上班吗?
类似的短语还有:
be at home 在家 be at school 在上学
be at work = be working 在工作,在上班 e.g.
My father is at work at his office.
8.A delicious dinner would be ready for him on the table.
be ready for sb. / sth. 为某人/某事做好准备。
e.g. He is ready for the party.
be ready to do sth. 准备做某事
e.g. They are ready to share things with others.
9.Mr. Jiang was very happy with his robot.
be happy with sb. / sth. 对某人/某事感到满意。
e.g. She is not happy with her present job.
I am very happy with what you have done.
类似的短语还有 be satisfied / pleased with sb. /sth.
10.A few days later, things started to go wrong.
几天后,事情开始变糟。
go wrong 走错路,发生故障
e.g. He had gone wrong and made many mistakes.
My computer has gone wrong. It doesn't work.
11.Mr. Jiang did not know what he should do with the robot.
do with 与what 连用,表示“对待、处理”,表示“怎样处理某事”要说“what… do with…”,不说 “how… do with…”。
e.g. I don't know what to do with the rubbish.
What have you done with the milk?
12.The robot was just too much trouble.
机器人真是太麻烦了。
too much“太多”,修饰不可数名词或动词;
e.g. too much time; too much money; eat too much
too many “太多”,修饰可数名词的复数形式。
e.g. too many books; too many people
much too “太”,修饰形容词或副词。
e.g. much too expensive; much too late
13.Will a robot bring any bad changes to your life?
机器人将给你的生活带来坏的变化吗?
bring sb. sth. = bring sth. to sb. “给某人带来某物”
take sb. sth. = take sth. to sb. “把某物带给某人”
e.g. SARS brought a lot of trouble to the Chinese.
Please take the book to the teachers.
14.What can you do if you decide that having a robot is too much trouble?
如果你确定拥有一个机器人太麻烦,你该怎么办?
that having a robot is too much trouble 为宾语从句,做decide的宾语。having a robot 在宾语从句中做主语。
e.g. We know that going to bed late is not good for our health.
Vocabulary
1.My robot is made to look just like a real person.
我的机器人造的像真人一样。
be made 是被动语态,“被制造”。主动语态应是:
I make my robot look just like a real person.
辨析be made to do sth. / be made of / be made from/ be made in / be made by
be made to do sth. 被迫做某事
The workers were made to work 10 hours a day.
工人们每天被迫工作十小时。
make, let, have作使役动词,其后接不带to的不定式作补语,但这类结构变为被动语态时,后面不带to的不定式要转换为带to的不定式。
be made of 意为“由…原材料制成”,主语为制成品,而且能看出原材料, of后面接表示原材料的名词。
e.g. This jacket is made of cotton. 这件上衣是棉花做的。
be made from 意思也是“由…制成”,但制成品不能看出原材料。
e.g. Paper is made from wood. 纸是由木头制成的。
be made in 表示某一产品在某地生产或制造,in后面跟表示地点的名词。
e.g. Trains are made in Zhuzhou. 火车是株州制造的。
be made by 意为“由(谁)制造的”, by 后面接动作的执行者。
e.g. The desk was made by his brother.这张桌子是他弟弟做的。
2.In fact, they are cameras.
实际上,他们是照相机。
in fact实际上。常用作插入语。
In fact, his English in one of these articles was so good that Engels wrote him a letter praising for it.
事实上,其中一篇文章的英文非常好,恩格斯为此而写信赞扬他。
类似的插入语还有I think(我想),I am afraid(恐怕),you know(你也知道,你是知道的),it seems to me(我觉得),it is said(据说),to tell the truth(老实说),as far as I know(据我所知),for example(例如),to one's surprise(使……惊奇的是)等。e.g.
He is, I think, the best student in the class.
我认为,他是班上最好的学生。
To tell the truth, I don't believe in him myself.
说实话,我自己也不信任他。
The great painter, it is said, is sometimes very careless about his appearance.
据说,那位大画家有时不修边幅。
The conclusion,I'm afraid, is not true. 这个结论恐怕是不正确的。
3.The robot uses them to take photos of everything it sees.
机器人用它们拍下它所看到的一切。
(1)take photos 照相,拍照片
Please take a photo for me !请给我照张相吧!
Mike took many photos last summer vacation.
去年暑假迈克照了许多照片。
那么,我们还学过很多take的短语。
eg. take a shower 沐浴 take one's temperature 量体温
take turns 轮流 take off 脱下(衣、帽)
(2)it sees 是定语从句,修饰everything
【新题预测】
①The result of the experiment was very good, we hadn't expected(预料).
A、when B、that C、which D、it
【答案】C
【解析】此句主从句之间有逗号分开,且从句并非主句必要成份,属于非限制性定语从句,应由which来引导,不可用that。
②—I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.
—Is that the reason you had a few days off?
A、why B、when C、what D、where
【答案】A
【解析】reason做先行词,其后定语从句又缺少原因状语,故用why这一关系副词。
4.The robot also has three long arms connected to its chest.
机器人还有三只胳膊与它的胸部连接。
connect to连接;相连
Please connect the two speakers to the amplifier.
注意:connect with与……相连接;与……有联系。如:
She is connected with the Smiths.
5.The robot stands on four small wheels.
机器人靠四个小轮子站着。
on , 表示使用人的脚等器官,或依靠某种方式或方法做一件事,也可表示使用动力等。
I often go to school on foot. 我常步行上学。
Walk on tiptoe. 踮起脚尖走!
He went to town on horse back. 他骑着马进城。
Most cars run on petrol. 大多数汽车用汽油驱动。
【语法讲解】
A 本单元主要学习由连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句,that 在宾语从句中只起连接作用,没有含义,也不在从句中充当成分,故可省略。但有些词如连接代词 what, who, whom, which 和连接副词 when, where, how, why,它们在从句中既起连接作用,又在句中担当一个成分,所以不能省略。如:
Nobody knows where she was born.
没有人知道她是在哪儿出生的。(where 在从句中做状语)
We don't know who will teach us English next term.
我们不知道下学期谁将教我们英语。(who 在从句中作主语)
另外,在运用宾语从句时要注意:
(1)如果主句时态用过去时,则从句一般也要用与过去相关的时态。如:He knew that he was wrong.(他知道他错了。)
(2)that 不能和其他连词重复使用,如:
Can you tell me that what time it is?(误)
Can you tell me what time it is?(正)
(3)宾语从句的词序要用陈述句的语序。
Please tell me how can I study English well.(误)
Please tell me how I can study English well.(正)
B (1)in order to do sth. 是“为了做某事”,是动词不定式作目的状语。in order that从句也是“为了……”之意,是目的状语从句,也可用so that从句来换。
In order to catch up with his classmates, he works harder than ever.
为了赶上同学们,他比以往更加用功了。
The teacher explained the passage again and again in order that every student might understand it.
老师一遍又一遍地解释这篇文章,以便每位学生都能够理解。
(2)As a result (由于的)结果;因此常用在有上下文的情况下。例如:
It was late at night and there was no bus. As a result , we had to walk to He village.
夜深了,又没有公共汽车,因此我们不得不步行到那个村庄。
He had some bad fish, As a result, he felt sick his morning.
由于吃了些坏鱼,所以今天上午他感到不舒服。
As a result of (=because of… )意思是“由于”例如:
As a result of fog the flight was delayed.
由于有雾,航班误点了。
He got a rise as the result of his hard work.
由于他工作勤奋,所以他长了工资。
Thousands of people lost their lives as the result of the war.
由于那场战争,成千上万的人民丧失了生命。
(3) In order to keep my flat as clean as new, I had my robot sweep the floor every day.
have my robot sweep the floor 让我的机器人打扫地板
have sb. do sth. 使某人做某事,do前省略不定式符号to。与have相搭配的还有:have sth. done表示某事已做了,有三层含义:①表示主语有意识地让别人做某事;②说明主语蒙受伤害、损失;③表示句子的主语可能参与完成的某件事。have sb. done使某人被或受……,have sb. doing使某人做某事,have sth. to do有什么事要做,这种结构中主语是不定式的逻辑主语。
【新题预测】
①The local government had thousands of trees __________ along the river to __________ those blown down.
A.to plant;take the place of
B.planting;take place of
C.planted;take the place of
D.been planted;take place (答案:C)
②—Would you mind having this letter__________?
—Sorry, I have something more important__________.
A.to type;to do
B.typed;done
C.typed;to do
D.to type;done (答案:C)
③I'll have a worker __________ it.
A.to do
B.do
C.done
D.to be doing (答案:B)
C. need用法小结
(1)need作及物动词,作“需要”解,后面常跟名词(代词)、不定式、动词-ing形式。例如:
They certainly need your help. (need + n)
他们肯定需要你的帮助。
Help should be given to those who need it (need + pron)
应该帮助需要帮助的人。
I don't think you need to help him.(need + to do)
我觉得你没必要帮他。
Our farm needs helping in autumn.(need+动词-ing形式)
我们的农场秋天需要帮忙。
注意helping虽是-ing形式,但是含有被动的意思。此句还可以用不定式的被动式来表示,即:Our farm needs to be helped in autumn.
(2)need 可作情态动词,后跟动词原形,作“需要”,“有必要”解,通常用于否定句中。例如:
You needn't be so polite to her.你没有必要对她如此客气。
We needn't hurry.It's still early.我们不要着急,时间还早呢。
need作情态动词时,也常用于疑问句。例如:
-Need he do it all at once? 他必须立即做完吗?
-No,he needn't.不必了。 (肯定答语应为Yes,he must.)
(3)need作名词,构成in need of词组,作“需要……”解。如课文中出现的:
Her face is pale.She looks as though she is in need of a rest.
她脸色苍白,看上去需要休息。
A friend in need is a friend indeed.患难见真情。
Integrated Skills
1.There is going to be a robot exhibition.
一般将来时用在 There be 句式中时,be going to或will之后的动词原形只能用be,也就是说要用There is(are)going to be.... / There will be....。
There is going to be a football match between our college team and the Peking University.
Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm.
There is going to be a film tomorrow evening.
明天晚上有一场电影。
It seems as if there is going to be a heavy snow.
似乎将有一场大雪。
2.The exhibition will be held at the Sunshine Town Exhibition Center.
will be held “将被举行”,是将来时的被动语态。
Li Ming will be asked to attend the lecture.
李明将被邀请参加讲座。
3.It never gets anything wrong.
anything是不定代词, 形容词在修饰something, anything, nothing, everything这一类不定代词时, 必须把形容词放在它们的后面, 例如:
something important , anything else , something enough
Nothing much. 没有什么事。
Something English?
英国的东西(食物)?
I can see something nice in the shop.
在那家商店, 我能看到一些好东西。
Is there anything important in today's paper?
今天的报纸上有重要新闻吗?
Jim has nothing much to do this evening.
吉姆今晚没有多少事要做。
4.You need to give it some oil every month and change the batteries every two months.
every 可以用于“every+基数词+复数可数名词”的结构中,表示“每…”或“每隔…”。例如:
every three weeks每隔两周(每三周)
They come to this restaurant every five days.
他们每隔四天来这家饭馆。
Main Task
1.However, I am not at all satisfied with it.
be satisfied with sb. / sth. = be pleased with sb. / sth. = be happy with sb. /sth. 对某人/某事感到满意。
2.I am also not happy about the number of checking this robot needs.
the number of checking this robot needs这个机器人需要检查的次数, 它在句中做介词about的宾语; this robot needs 在句中做the number的定语。
3.A good robot should only need checking every 6 months.
一个好的机器人只需要每六个月检查一次。
need checking = need to be checked 需要检查
need, want, require 都有“需要”的意思,常用want / need / require doing sth. 表示被动的含义。
e.g. Your hair needs cutting = Your hair needs to be cut.
My room wants cleaning. = My room wants to be cleaned.
Her mother needs looking after. = Her mother needs to be looked after.
Checkout
1.We are sorry to hear that you are not satisfied with your robot.
(1)be sorry to do…的意思是“对……感到难过 / 抱歉 / 遗憾”, 是对所说或所听到的不幸之事表示一种同情, 例如:
I'm sorry to hear that your mother is ill.
听说你母亲病了, 我感到难过。
I'm sorry to say I can't help you.
很遗憾, 我帮不了你。
I'm sorry (that) I broke your cup.
对不起, 我打破了你的杯子。
be sorry后还可接for…, 表示“为……感到抱歉遗憾”, 例如:
I'm sorry for being late. = I'm sorry I'm late.
对不起, 我迟到了。
I'm sorry for giving you so much trouble.
对不起, 给你添了很多麻烦。
(2)be satisfied with 意思是“对……感到满意”.e.g.
I am satisfied with your explanation.
我对你的解释感到满意.
常见的类似结构:
be angry with 生某人的气
be careful with 对……细心
be disappointed with 对……感到失望
be patient with 对……有耐心
be pleased with 喜欢……,对……感到满意
2.We look forward to hearing from you soon.
look forward to doing sth “期待做某事”。
e.g. I'm looking forward to getting help from you.
They look forward to visiting the Great Wall.
hear from sb. = get/ receive a letter from sb.
e.g. I heard from my friend last week.= I got /received a letter from my friend last week.
|